The failed attempt of voluntary corporate sustainability strategies to save the planet.
Corporate sustainability strategies developed in response to the resource constraints of the 21st century. These constraints are the result of over population and over consumption and their damaging effect on the health of the earth.
Even the gentle Sir David Attenborough has joined the chorus of people arguing for fewer people in the interest of more biodiversity and a quality environment in his speech People and Planet in March 2011.
We have been trying to persuade companies to engage in voluntary corporate sustainability programmes of all kinds in order to address the obvious negative impacts of the way the ‘developed’ world does business.
Corporate sustainability strategies or planned abandonment?
However, do we ever stop to consider if it actually makes sense for a particular industry to engage in sustainability programmes or should it rather be a question of planned abandonment of this particular industry/product/ manufacturing process?
Take the issue of water.
The right to clean drinking water is arguably a basic human right for all.
On 28 July 2010, through Resolution 64/292, the United Nations General Assembly explicitly recognized the human right to water and sanitation and acknowledged that clean drinking water and sanitation are essential to the realisation of all human rights. The Resolution calls upon States and international organisations to provide financial resources, aid capacity-building and technology transfer to enable countries, in particular developing countries, to provide safe, clean, accessible and affordable drinking water and sanitation for all.
So when a major CEO makes a statement to this effect:
“Companies are bigger than many economies. If we don’t do responsible things, who is going to?” Pepsico’s CEO Indira Nooyi
How is a company’s quest to secure water rights all over the world deemed to be ‘doing responsible things’ when our basic human rights of access to water is in conflict with the water rights sold to the company? This is further complicated by the fact that Pepsi or any other soft drink of that nature, does not offer an alternative to water – we would be unable to survive on it yet it competes with our water supply.
The right of business versus the right of citizens.
Let’s look at a few facts to help weight up the right of business versus the right of individuals to water:
Currently 1.1 billion people are without access to safe drinking water and live in chronic hunger. The UN estimates that by 2025 more than 2/3 of the worlds population will lack access to sufficient clean drinking water.
Reasons include:
- Increase in population
- Increased need of food & energy
- Hidden cost of economic development – more dishwashers, bathing & showering
- Climate change
The United Nations Millennium Development Goals call for halving the proportion of people lacking sustainable access to safe drinking water by 2015. Meeting this goal would require doubling the US $15 billion a year that the world currently spends on water supply and sanitation. US $15 billion may sound like a large amount of money but compared to what we are spending on bottled water it pales in comparison.
Drinks companies not only use water in their production cycle but many increasingly also bottle water for profit which amounts to the ‘commodification’ of something that should not be bought or and sold.
Bottled water – a status symbol and fashion accessory.
According to global financial services firm Morgan Stanley the global water market is estimated to be worth about $316 billion US$ p.a.
Even in countries where tap water is safe to drink the demand for bottled water is increasing and producing unnecessary garbage and consuming vast quantities of energy.
Pepsi-Cola; Coke; Nestle and Suez are some of the companies bottling water for sale and profit. They have been called upon to:
- Conserve water
- Ensure waste water is adequately treated;
- Safely released and
- Recycle as much as possible.
Extraction of large amounts of water for industrial purposes impacts groundwater levels. For example, communities across India living around Coca-Cola plants are experiencing water shortages – allegedly as a direct result of Coca-Cola’s extraction of water from the common groundwater resource. Studies have confirmed significant depletion of the ground water tables and contamination of ground water.
And who else but Coca-Cola would make its first delivery to Myanmar in more than 60 years in September 2012 . is this the real contribution to democracy the country has been waiting for!
Allowing ‘luxury’ consumer goods like soft drinks to compete with access to safe drinking water and sanitation makes no sense and is not in our common interest. More and more people are entering the middle classes.
It is high time we have a discussion about what we actually need to have a good life – in my books Coca-Cola is not on the menu if it means that one person has to go without clean water and sanitation.
Links for further reading:
The UN International Decade for Action ‘Water for Life’ 2005-2015